Boreolenta acrothermus

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Extinct (April 12th, 2020): loss of food: Arctata ebonensis and Arctata formisus

Boreolenta psycrasapila was unable to make use of Arctata ebonensis because of A. ebonensis' ability to direct heat to kill the Palaean. Over time some individuals of B. psycrasapila accumulated disulfides in their proteins and were ability to survive the heat from A. ebonensis, these individuals led to B. acrothermus. B. acrothermus is visually similar to its ancestor with a few new adaptations for parasitizing A. ebonensis. It has disulfides in its proteins for heat resistance, it developed a cavity inside itself to store water to allow for it stay encysted longer, and it has developed a thicker cell wall to give more tensile strength due to the greater hydrostatic pressure from holding more fluids. Similar to its ancestor it swims through water in its free swimming form and is attracted to Arctata species. Once it finds the roots of an Arctata it will stick to the roots and emit its toxin to kill them and take in the nutrients from the dead cells. The heat given of by A. ebonensis allows B. acrothermus to reproduce at a higher rate, killing the polyph faster. B. acrothermus is also capable of parasitizing A. formisus but will reproduce more slowly. The encysted form is around 4μm and the free living form is around 10μm (including flagella).